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by FM Steve Stoyko
Part One
The following materials are based on a lecture by Steve Stoyko to the Kenilworth Chess Club on May 12, 2005. Click on the moves and variations below to see them in the Java Board to your left. The text is divided into two parts, and you can also download the PGN file.
This lecture is on the Isolated Queen Pawn or “Isolani” position, which can occur in a wide range of openings, including Caro-Kann, Semi-Tarrasch, Alekhine, c3-Sicilian, Nimzo, QGA, and even the Benoni. So it is a widely useful piece of opening knowledge. Before we get into the opening, though, let’s just look at the pawn position that is typical of the Isolani game:
White would be practically lost in an endgame.
Analysis position – Black
Steve Stoyko Lecture/Kenilworth, NJ (1) 2005
This is the thematic pawn formation of the Isolated Queen Pawn. The position of the pawns in the middlegame gives White a space advantage, two open files, a potential square at e5 or c5, and prospects of a kingside attack with a battery of Queen and Bishop on the b1-h7 diagonal. But if the pieces get exchanged, the pawn formation will favor Black considerably in an ending. Here, in this position, Black to move has some winning chance due to the isolated QP. Let’s look at a few moves:
1… Kf8 2. f4 Ke7 3. Kf2 Kd6 4. Ke3 Kd5 and Black is better *
But, as someone once said, “before the endgame, the Gods have placed the middlegame.” And White’s advantages in the middlegame are significant — but only if he plays it right.
Back in the 19th Century, when the isolani position became known, it was typically played with the following set-up for White:
The old way of playing this position led to exchanges.
Analysis position – Black
Steve Stoyko Lecture/Kenilworth, NJ (2) 2005
In these early days of the line, White would typically strive for this type of position: controlling central squares and using the c-file. But Rooks can easily be exchanged along the c-file and White does not have a very active plan in this position. So it can easily lead to the endgames that Black wants. Let’s take a look:
1. a3 Na5 and the likely exchanges along the c-file will lead to at least equality for Black — and bring him closer to his goal of a better ending. 1… Re8 *
The Modern way of playing the Isolani position for White emphasizes his control of e5 and chances of a kingside attack. To that end, the Rooks typically go to d1 and e1 and White seeks to avoid exchanges as much as possible.
White has a powerful battery: the threat is mate!
Analysis position – Black
Steve Stoyko Lecture/Kenilworth, NJ (3) 2005
This is the ideal attacking position for White. Black is now forced to weaken his kingside, and White will retain the threat of d5 — but first might play Bb3, Bh6, Ne5, etc. depending on circumstances.
1… g6[]
Let’s look at some typical ways in which these positions can arise out of the opening. I know a lot of people at the club play the c3-Sicilian lines.
Analysis game – Black [D42]
c3-Sicilian Move Order/Kenilworth, NJ (4) 2005
1. e4 c5 1… c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4
2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 e6 4… Nf6
4… cxd4
5. Nf3 Nf6 6. Bd3 6. Be2
6. Na3 is not a move to be feared, since the Black pieces are centralized.
6… Be7 7.
So we start to see how the pieces get placed for both sides.
Let’s look at the typical position of the pieces.
For White, the best placement of the Rooks is on d1 and e1. Black typically plays his Rooks to c8 and e8 — the latter to help defend the Bishop at e7 in case of d5.
One problem for both players is where to develop the Queen’s Bishop. For Black, the Bishop can develop by Bd7-c6; b6 and Bb7; or a6, b5, and Bb7 — the last method taking an extra move. Generally speaking, GMs think the b6 and Bb7 plan is best. The problem with Bd7-c6 is that the Bishop is exposed to attack by Ne5. Meanwhile, another advantage of the b6 plan is that it eliminates the potential outpost square c5. Too slow and potentially weakening is a6 and b5, which leaves a weakness at c5 on the dark squares.
White meanwhile will wait to develop his dark-squared Bishop until he knows where it is best. Often useful is Bg5, but the Bishop may need to defend the d-pawn with Be3 or may play Bh6 if Black plays g6.
The Knights generally go to their most centralized aquares on c6, f6, c3 and f3. The Black queenside Knight has a choice between c6 or d7. The c6 square helps put pressure on d4-pawn, which is good because if you don’t attack the pawn then White doesn’t have to defend it and can attack you on the kingside. Karpov plays the Knight to both squares.
The Black Queen is not that easy to place.
Where should the White Queen go? The ideal square is d3. What if you could put the Bishop at g5, the Queen at d3 or c2 and Bb1 or c2. Suddenly to stop mate Black at least has to weaken his kingside structure. Powerful. That’s why Black sometimes plays to stop this battery, either with Nb4 or Ba6!? to stop Qd3. To meet Nb4, you must play a3 to stop that. Meeting Ba6 is a bit trickier and we might save that for another lecture.
The isolated pawn has a lust to expand. But White does not want to push the pawn to d5 unless he can guarantee that it will lead to something. Otherwise you have mere equality.
Let’s look at another way this position can arise — with a subtle difference. You have to be aware of transpositions and differences.
Black gets an extra move in the Nimzo move order.
Analysis game – Black [D42]
Nimzo-Indian Move Order/Kenilworth, NJ (5)
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 the Rubinstein Variation allows Black to choose to a large degree
4… c5 4… Ne4!?
5. Nf3
Black suddenly has an extra move. It may or may not be significant, but you need to be aware of it.
Another thing to be aware of is the way that the Knights control related squares. Often, if Black’s King Knight goes to d5 you want to consider playing your Queen Knight to e4. And when Black moves his Queen Knight (to a5-c4 for example) suddenly your King Knight has free access to e5. See the Christiansen game below for a good example of these corresponding Knight squares in action.
Knights and Related Squares
Analysis game – Black [B10]
Caro-Kann / Panov-Botvinnik Move Order/Kenilworth, NJ (6) 2005
1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 e6 4… Nf6
4… Nc6
5. Nc3 Nf6 6. Nf3 Be7 6… Bb4!? resembles the Nimzo
7. cxd5 7. Bd3?! dxc4 8. Bxc4
7… Nxd5 Everyone following Nimzovich thinks that the Knight blockading the pawn is good. But, while it is true that the Knight controls the isolated pawn’s “lust to expand,” it has a couple major drawbacks. It interferes with other pieces. White does not want to exchange Knights at d5 since Qxd5 would be fatal for the d-pawn. Simplification is to be avoided. The two knights are in a dance and if they come off then Black is close to winning strategically. So White needs to play Ne4 to avoid the exchange.
7… exd5 8. Bd3+/=
8. Bd3 Nc6 This Knight can try to get to d5 to keep up the good counterbalance of the Knights at c3 and f6, then White’s Knight at f3 gains power and he can play Ne5! followed by Qf3-h3 with attack
9.
As I mentioned, Black wants to try to stop White from setting up his battery of Bishop at c2 and Queen at d3. Here’s one way the struggle of the opening might turn on that issue:
Analysis game – Black [D42]
Caro-Kann /Kenilworth, NJ (7) 2005
1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 e6 4… Nf6
4… Nc6
5. Nc3 Nf6 6. Nf3 Be7 6… Bb4!? resembles the Nimzo
7. cxd5 7. Bd3?! dxc4 8. Bxc4
7… Nxd5 Everyone following Nimzovich thinks that the Knight blockading the pawn is good. But, while it is true that the Knight controls the isolated pawn’s “lust to expand,” it has a couple major drawbacks. It interferes with other pieces. White does not want to exchange Knights at d5 since Qxd5 would be fatal for the d-pawn. Simplification is to be avoided. The two knights are in a dance and if they come off then Black is close to winning strategically. So White needs to play Ne4 to avoid the exchange.
7… exd5 8. Bd3+/=
8. Bd3 Nc6 This Knight can try to get to d5 to keep up the good counterbalance of the Knights at c3 and f6, then White’s Knight at f3 gains power and he can play Ne5! followed by Qf3-h3 with attack
9.
Steve Stoyko – Dennis Strenzwilk [D42]
New York Open/New York, USA 1988
1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. d4 cxd5 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Bd3 Nc6 9.
White to move after 11…exd5
12. Bxh7+ 12. Qc2 Nb4! 12… Kxh7 13. Qc2+ Kg8 14. Qxc6 Black has the Bishop pair and play against White’s Queen. 14… Bf5 15. Bf4 Be4 16. Rac1 16. Ne5!? 16… Bb4 16… Bxf3 17. gxf3+/- 17. Bg5 17. Rxe4!? dxe4 18. Qxe4 17… f6 18. Qe6+ Rf7 18… Kh8 19. Bd2 19. Rxe4 dxe4
White to move after 19…dxe4
20. Ne5!! Qe7 21. Qxf7+ Qxf7 22. Nxf7 fxg5!? 22… Kxf7 23. Rc7+ Ke6 24. Be3+/- 23. Rc7 23. Nxg5?? Bd2 23… Bd2 24. Kf1 Bf4 25. Ne5 Re8 25… Rd8 26. Rd7 26. Rxa7 Bxe5 27. dxe5 Rxe5 28. Ke2 Re6 29. Ke3 Kh7 30. Rc7 30. Ra4 Rc6 30… Kg6 31. Rc4 Kf5 32. g4+ Kf6 33. Rxe4 Rc6 34. Kd3 Kf7 35. a4 Rf6 36. Ke3 Rh6 37. Rb4 Ke7 38. Rb5 Rg6 39. Ke4 Kd7 40. Kf5 and White soon won. 1-0 [Stoyko]
Lajos Portisch – Anatoly Karpov [D42]
Milan/Italy 1975
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3
Larry Christiansen – Florin Gheorghiu [D42]
Torremolinos 1977
1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. e3 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. d4 cxd4 7. exd4 Be7 8. Bd3 Nc6 9.
White to move after 19…Bf8
20. Bg5 Be7 21. Bxe7 Rexe7 22. Bxd5 exd5 23. Nf6+ Kg7 24. Qh3 h5 25. Nxh5+ gxh5 26. Rd3 Qh8 27. Rg3+ Kf8 28. Rg5 Re6 29. Qxe6 fxe6 30. Ng6+ Kg7 31. Nxh8+ Kxh8 32. Rxh5+ Kg7 33. h4 Nc6 34. Rxe6 Nxd4 35. Rg5+ Kh7 36. Rd6 Rf7 37. f3 Nf5 38. Rxf5 Rxf5 39. Rd7+ Kg6 40. Rxb7 Rf4 41. Rxa7 1-0
Sammy Reshevsky – Tigran Petrosian [E55]
Santa Monica 1966/Calikfornia, USA 1966
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Bd3
Owen – Mapes [D42]
corr ch-USA 1866
1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Bd3 Nc6 9.
Florin Gheorghiu – Slim Bouaziz [D42]
1990
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 c5 4. e3 d5 5. Nc3 Nc6 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. Bd3 Be7 8.
Liuben Spassov – Florin Gheorghiu [D42]
1982
1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. e3 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. d4 Nc6 7. Bd3 cxd4 8. exd4 Be7 9.
Florin Gheorghiu – Ronald Henley [D42]
1982
1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. d4 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. e3 Nc6 7. Bd3 cxd4 8. exd4 Be7 9.
Florin Gheorghiu – Margeir Petursson [D42]
USA 1979
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 c5 5. e3 Nc6 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. Bd3 cxd4 8. exd4 Be7 9.
Zoltan Ribli – Florin Gheorghiu [D42]
Warsaw 1979
1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. e3 Nc6 5. d4 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. Bd3 cxd4 8. exd4 Be7 9.
Gheorghiu – Arnason [D42]
USA 1978
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 c5 4. e3 d5 5. Nc3 Nc6 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. Bd3 cxd4 8. exd4 Be7 9.
Larry Christiansen – Florin Gheorghiu [D42]
Torremolinos 1977
1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. e3 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. d4 cxd4 7. exd4 Be7 8. Bd3 Nc6 9.
Alexander Beliavsky – Anatoly Karpov [D42]
1986
1. e4 c6 2. c4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. cxd5 Nf6 5. Nc3 Nxd5 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. d4 e6 8. Bd3 Be7 9.
Anatoly Karpov – Vlastimil Hort [D42]
1980
1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 e6 5. Nf3 Nf6 6. Nc3 Be7 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Bd3 Nc6 9.
Wolfgang Uhlmann – Anatoly Karpov [D42]
Leningrad (12) 1973
1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e3 e6 6. d4 Nc6 7. Bd3 cxd4 8. exd4 Be7 9.
Smyslov V – Karpov Anatoli [D42]
URS-ch39 Leningrad ;URS-ch 1971
1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e3 e6 6. d4 cxd4 7. exd4 Be7 8. Bd3
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